ASTM C1466 Lead & Cadmium Leaching Services for Ceramic Foodware

Introduction to ASTM C1466 – Lead and Cadmium Extraction Testing of Ceramic Foodware There is an ASTM test method, ASTM C1466, which was written for determining the levels of Pb and Cd leached from ceramic and glass surfaces that can come into contact with food. Toxic heavy metals such as Pb and Cd can migrate...

Introduction ASTM C1300 determines the thermal expansion of glaze frits by the interferometric method. The interferometric technique allows one to measure the thermal performance of ceramic products for manufacturers and researchers. Similarly, it is essential in applications where temperature fluctuations are routine. Ceramic materials and glaze frits are widely used in construction, decorative arts, and...

Introduction ASTM C949, “Standard Test Method for Porosity in Vitreous Whitewares by Dye Penetration,” is a standard developed to measure porosity in these materials. Porosity is significant in ceramic materials’ strength, durability, and chemical and water resistance, particularly vitreous whiteware. The family of ceramic products with low porosity is generally referred to as vitreous whitewares...

Scope: The Knoop indentation hardness is determined in ASTM C849 to characterize ceramic whitewares. Attempts have been made to determine tensile strength, grinding speeds, and other hardness scales using Knoop indentation hardness but to no avail. Such calculations are limited in scope and should be used with caution, except for special cases where a reliable...

Introduction ASTM C848 is a standard test method that outlines procedures for determining Young’s modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson’s ratio of ceramic whitewares using a nondestructive resonance technique. The most significant technique in ceramics is to check for mechanical properties, including stiffness, elasticity, and deformation under stress. This test gives considerable information about the ceramic...

Plastic specimen undergoing tensile strength testing on universal testing machine

Scope: Dinnerware is washed after every meal with soaps and detergents. This can lead to the deterioration of overglaze decoration. It is crucial to determine how resistant these overglaze decorations are for quality control and design. This ASTM C556 standard is mainly used to evaluate overglaze decorations of dinnerware for domestic use, wherein household soaps...

Scope: The glaze is an impervious layer of a vitreous substance that has been fused to a ceramic body through firing. Firing introduces residual stresses in the ceramic. In addition, ceramic whiteware also faces thermal stresses in service. Therefore, glazed whiteware should be resistant to repeated abrupt thermal changes. Inadequate resistance to thermal shock leads...

Scope: Crazing is the phenomenon that produces a network of fine cracks on the surface of glazed whiteware. ASTM C424 test method determines how resistant a ceramic specimen is to crazing by using an autoclave. This method is particularly useful for porous materials that can exhibit moisture expansion. This test is used in specifications, quality...

Scope: Ceramic glaze is an impervious coating of a vitreous substance that has been fused to a pottery body through firing. The glaze is used to color, decorate or waterproof a ceramic. ASTM C738 covers the standard procedures to determine the amount of lead and cadmium extracted by acetic acid from glazed ceramic surfaces. The...

Scope: Gloss is the shine or luster on a smooth surface. ASTM C584 is used for establishing specular gloss limits for bright, semi-mat, and mat glazed surfaces. The appearance of gloss is a result of several attributes including specular gloss. Therefore, specular gloss measurements do not always correlate well with visual rankings of glossiness. However,...

ASTM C408 Test for Thermal Conductivity of Whiteware Ceramics

Introduction The purpose of the ASTM C408 test is to evaluate the thermal conductivity of whiteware ceramics, which is one of the critical characteristics of the materials whenever a variation in the temperature profile is expected. This method is carried out at a temperature span of 100° F to 300° F (40° C to 150°...

Scope: Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change its shape, area, volume, and density in response to a change in temperature. In the ASTM C372 test method, the measurement of thermal expansion is used to predict stress within materials under non-uniform temperatures. This test can also be used as an indicator of phase...

Introduction ASTM C1525-18 is a standardized test method to examine the thermal shock resistance of advanced ceramics by water quenching. Various industries that deal with sudden temperature changes, including aerospace, automotive, and energy, use advanced ceramics. The crack or failure-resistant capability of ceramics in sudden temperature changes is crucial in ascertaining their durability and reliability...

Introduction The ASTM C370 test is the standard procedure developed to evaluate the moisture expansion of fired whiteware products. Moisture expansion describes the slight increase in the dimensions of ceramic products that take place when they absorb water, which can be unfavorable for their structural integrity and performance. This test is essential for manufacturers and...

Introduction The ASTM C368 test method defines the uniformity of procedure for determining the impact resistance of ceramic tableware, thus enabling manufacturers to enhance the quality of the product and reduce the incidences of breakage during everyday use. People use ceramic tableware daily because of their attractive look, mechanical strength, and practical use at...

Introduction ASTM C1834 is a standardized test method to evaluate advanced ceramics’ slow crack growth parameters under constant stress flexural testing. The four-point flexure configuration, applied to the ceramic test specimen, generates a continuous force until specimen failure. It mimics in-service conditions at elevated temperatures and permits the characterization of crack growth behavior, fracture origins,...

Introduction The ASTM C1684 test method uses flexural tests to determine the flexural strength of ceramics. Four-point loading is commonly used, but three-point loading is also applicable. This test method is used for design purposes in material development, quality control, characterization, and data generation. It uses more straightforward test fixtures, is easier to adapt to...

Introduction ASTM C1576 provides the necessary guide towards the density of structural lightweight concrete masonry units. There shall be consistency in the performance and testing results. The units must provide the needed performance in the building’s application. The lightweight concrete blocks have gradually increased their adoption in construction because of reduced weight, thermal efficiency, and...

Introduction ASTM C1499 test method is used to determine the equibiaxial Strength of advanced ceramics materials at ambient temperature through concentric ring configurations under monotonic uniaxial loading. The parameters measured in ASTM C1499 are: Scope of ASTM C1499 In many applications, ceramics are subjected to biaxial stresses in two axes. The resistance to biaxial stresses...

Introduction to ASTM C1495 – Effects of Surface Grinding on Flexure Strength of Advanced Ceramics ASTM C1495 is a specification that outlines a test method to determine the effects of surface grinding on flexural strength for advanced ceramics. Mechanical integrity is especially important with their widespread use in difficult structural and electronic applications. Surface grinding...

Introduction The ASTM C1465 test method involves constant stress-rate flexural testing to determine advanced ceramics’ slow crack growth parameters. The applied stress rate evaluates the flexural strength in a given environment at elevated temperatures. This method helps assess the material’s resistance to crack propagation under stress, which is critical for determining the durability of ceramics...

Scope: ASTM E353 methods determine whether the composition of the material complies with the compositional specification, especially those under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on steel, stainless steel, and related alloys. This test is used in the chemical analysis of stainless, heat-resisting, maraging, and other similar chromium-nickel-iron alloys having chemical compositions within the following...

Scope: ASTM E2472 test method is used to determine CTOA and COD of fatigue pre-cracked specimens that exhibit low constraint and that are tested under slowly increasing displacement. The test specimens tested are compact, and middle-crack-tension specimens. This test method can be used: Test Procedure: In the ASTM E2472 method, tests are performed by applying...

Scope: ASTM E1681 method determines the resistance of a pre-cracked metal crack growth under certain environmental conditions and loading conditions in which the crack-tip plastic region is small compared with the crack depth and the uncracked ligament. This test method is used in environment-assisted cracking in aqueous or aggressive environments. Test Procedure: In ASTM E1681,...

Scope: ASTM E1457-19e1 test method is used to determine CCG and CCI. The creep crack growth (CCG) rate, da/dt, is the rate of crack extension caused by creep damage and expressed in terms of average crack extension per unit time. The creep crack initiation (CCI) time is the time it takes for the initial crack...

Introduction ASTM E1221 is a standard test method to determine ferritic steel fracture toughness under plane-strain crack-arrest conditions. It tests for quantification of resistance to fracture of propagation crack arrestability under plane-strain conditions in ferritic steels, which typically occur in thick-section materials subjected to high-stress conditions. Fracture toughness is essential in evaluating the safety and...

Introduction What is ASTM E23? ASTM E23 Test Standard outlines the procedure for conducting Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metals, commonly known as the Charpy impact test or the Izod impact test. Such tests cover the energy absorbed by notched metal specimens during one blow from a picked pendulum. The results are beneficial in delineating...

Scope: ASTM E1304 method is used to determine metals’ plane strain fracture toughness. Fracture toughness is a quantitative way of expressing a material’s resistance to crack propagation. In this test, the fracture toughness is relative to a slowly advancing steady-state crack in a neutral environment under severe tensile constraints. When tested, some metals might show...

Introduction to ASTM E1820 Fracture Toughness Testing The ASTM E1820 test procedure is utilized to estimate the fracture toughness of metallic and non-metallic materials, and it is the manifestation of the ability of the material to contain the growth of the crack under the action of the applied stress. The procedure is still applicable to...

Scope: ASTM E399 method is used to measure fracture toughness. Fracture toughness describes the resistance of metals to the propagation of flaws under applied stress, and it assumes that the longer the crack, the lower is the stress needed to cause a fracture. The ability of a crack to cause fracture depends on the fracture...

Introduction ASTM E2760-19e1 is used to determine creep-fatigue crack growth properties of homogeneous materials using pre-cracked compact type (CT) test specimens subjected to uniaxial cyclic forces. The fatigue crack will begin at the notch point and extend through the sample. The result establishes material selection and inspection requirements for resilient materials. It can also calculate...

Scope: ASTM E647 test method is used to determine fatigue crack growth rates from near-threshold to Kmax controlled instability. Crack growth equations predict the crack size starting from a given initial flaw. The growth of fatigue cracks can result in catastrophic failure. A crack growth equation can be used to ensure safety, both in the...

Introduction The ASTM E606/E606M test standard provides a procedure for strain-controlled fatigue testing of metallic materials. This test technique provides material property input when performing fatigue-based design and analysis. It is beneficial in materials subjected to repeated or fluctuating stresses typical in the aerospace, automotive, and energy industries. Scope of ASTM E606/E606M The Astm E606 fatigue...

Introduction What is ASTM E110? ASTM E110 is a test method for measuring the hardness of metallic materials using portable hardness testers that can determine both Brinell and Rockwell hardness. The test is conducted in the field or on parts that are too large or difficult to transport to a traditional lab. How is ASTM...

Introduction ASTM E384 describes a method for determining the microindentation hardness testing of materials, and it is mainly applied using either the Knoop or the Vickers hardness test procedures. These hardness test procedures have been commonly applied to small test specimens or regions of particular interest in the material, and they quantify material hardness at...

Introduction ASTM E18 is the standard test method used in determining the Rockwell hardness of metallic materials. The tests demonstrate resistance to deformation under an applied load using a hardened steel or carbide ball. The Rockwell hardness scale has become widely used in manufacturing, automotive, and aerospace as a relatively quick and efficient means to...

Introduction ASTM E10 Brinell hardness test of metallic materials is essential in many diverse areas. Calculating the hardness of metallic materials is critical to understanding, and the Brinell hardness test using ASTM E10 is one of the widely acceptable methods developed for it. Under ASTM E10, this test has given entirely consistent and reasonably accurate...

Introduction: ASTM E1876 is a standard test usually used to measure dynamic Young’s modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson’s ratio for materials through the impulse excitation of vibration. This test is applicable for measuring the elastic properties of almost all kinds of materials, such as metallic, ceramics, composites, and some polymers. The test works by having...

Introduction ASTM E1875 describes the standard test method for dynamic elastic properties of materials in the following ways: Young’s modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson’s ratio. These properties are needed to understand how materials act with various stresses and strains under dynamic conditions. Sonic resonance in this test is a nondestructive technique for determining material stiffness...

Introduction ASTM E143 is used to determine the shear modulus of structural materials. This test is limited to materials where creep is negligible compared to the strain produced immediately upon loading. Further, the standard values are in SI units. Scope ASTM E143 calculates the shear modulus of rigidity, which determines whether a structural material complies...

Introduction ASTM E111 determines Young’s modulus, tangent modulus, and chord modulus of structural materials. This test method is limited to materials in which creep deformation is negligible compared to the strain (deformation) produced immediately upon loading. The values are in SI units. Scope The ASTM E111 test method determines a material’s stress-strain curve. This curve...

Scope: ASTM E238 measures the bearing strength and yield strength to determine the load-carrying capacity and bearing properties of a material’s edge. Bearing properties are useful in the comparison of materials and the design of structures under conditions where the pin is not restricted. Test Procedure: In ASTM E238, the bearing load is applied to...

ASTM E9 Introduction ASTM E9 is an international standard for testing a material’s compressive properties at room temperature. The technician can study the metal’s behavior under compressive pressure by applying compression force on the axial load at room temperature. The test depends on the specimen geometry and the total strain in the sample. Standard values...

Introduction ASTM E292 determines the time-for-rupture of notched specimens under constant force and temperature. The values are in imperial units. The time-for-rupture notch is a qualitative tool that helps compare the material’s suitability for designs that contain accidental stress concentrators. When subjected to multi-axial stress conditions, the sample’s rupture life indicates the material’s ability to...

Introduction ASTM E1450 is a Test Method for Tension Testing of Structural Alloys in Liquid Helium. It describes the tensile testing of these materials near 4.2 K or -268.95 °C, the boiling point of liquid helium. Structural alloys are valuable materials in industries like space, cryogenics, and nuclear power, where they need to work at...

Scope of ASTM E21 : ASTM E21 covers elevated temperature tension testing of metals. It is used to determine the ability of metals to withstand tensile forces at higher temperatures. The data can be used to indicate probable behavior under other simple stresses such as compression. However, the principal use of the elevated temperature tension...

Scope: ASTM C1862 test method involves a method known as the end-plug push-out (EPPO) test method. It provides information on the strength and the deformation of test specimen joints under applied shear, tensile, and mixed-mode stresses at different temperatures. This test is used to determine the strength and durability of the test specimen joint. The...

Memristor thin film device on silicon substrate under electrical characterization for synaptic testing

How Spectral Ellipsometry (SE) Works: Light waves can oscillate in different directions. A polarized light oscillates in only one direction. Non-polarized light oscillates in many directions. The process of transforming unpolarized light into polarized light is known as polarization (Figure 1). In Spectral ellipsometry, polarized light is shone upon a sample to measure its properties....

Chiral HPLC chromatogram separating enantiomers of pharmaceutical compound

Scope: ASTM E70 approach is commonly used to characterize aqueous solutions because it provides an accurate measurement of the hydrogen ion concentration. In the chemical industry, pH measurement is one of the most critical process control variables, and it plays a vital role in pollution management. Procedure In ASTM E70, the electrodes are cleaned and...

Scope: ASTM D7867 is useful to get information about the extent of temperature dependence which in turn is important to prepare a viscosity-temperature table or curve. This information would allow a manufacturer or user to predict the impact of heating the paint. Procedure: Three test methods are described in ASTM D7867: Test Method A is...

Scope: ASTM D7786 test method may be used by paint companies and raw material suppliers to assess the interactions of primers and topcoats with respect to their ability to provide good enamel holdout. Test Procedure: In ASTM D7786 test method, a substrate is coated with a test primer and allowed to dry (primed topcoat). A...

Scope: Inorganic acids in the workplace can cause skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritations. There are exposure limits for hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, and nitric acid in the air that have been established to limit the danger exposure to workers who may be affected. Analytical and sampling techniques are needed for risk assessment and mitigation...

Scope: The ASTM D6186 is a standard test method that uses pressure differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC) to determine the oxidation induction time of lubricating oils. The duration of oxidation induction, as measured under the parameters of this test procedure, can be used to determine oxidation stability. This method is faster than other oil oxidation tests...

Scope: The ASTM D6175 test method is used to determine how resistant extruded catalysts and catalyst carriers are to compressive force from the side. Extruded catalyst and catalyst carriers with diameters ranging from 16 to 12 inches were used to develop this test method, which was limited to pieces with a length-to-diameter ratio of greater...

Scope: The ASTM D6174 test method explains how to determine the inorganic sulfate content of surfactants using a potentiometric titration process. It’s for analyzing α-olefin sulfonates, alkane sulfonates, alcohol sulfate, alcohol ether sulfate, alkylbenzene sulfonates, and other similar compounds. Anionic surfactants, including some mentioned, are widely employed in detergent compositions, and their suitability for use...

Scope: The ASTM D6173 test method is solely used for determining the active matter in the following surfactants: alcohol ether sulfate, alpha-olefin sulfonate, alkyl benzene sulfonic acid, alcohol sulfate, sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate/sodium xylene sulfonate blend (5:1), sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate/so (22:1). Titration of various ratio mixes of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate and sodium xylene sulfonate is also...

Scope: Using the ASTM D6159 test technique, methane, ethane, propane, acetylene, isobutane, propadiene, butane, trans-2-butene, butene-1, isobutene, cis-2-butene, methyl acetylene, and 1,3-butadiene are all determined in high-purity ethylene. Some manufacturing processes require high-purity ethylene, and the presence of trace amounts of certain hydrocarbon contaminants can have negative consequences. So, this test method can also be...

Scope: The ASTM D6150 is a standard test procedure for calculating plastisol and organosol processing losses owing to volatility. The weight loss during processing is influenced by the volatile components of plastisols or organosols. Furthermore, for estimating the volatiles emitted by plastisol or organosols during processing, this information may be beneficial to the manufacturer and...

Introduction The standard testing method, by ASTM D6147, provides a controlled assessment of the force decay, otherwise termed stress relaxation, in compressed rubber and thermoplastic elastomers. This evaluation is beneficial for those applications where all rubbers, such as seals and gaskets, are required to maintain a certain level of closure force over time while being...

Introduction The ASTM D6137 test method is intended to evaluate the sulfuric acid resistance at elevated temperatures of polymer linings applied to carbon steel substrates subject to a sulfuric acid attack. The performance of specimens assessed by this method is quantified in terms of the inch-pounds. Scope The standard test method is the ASTM D6137...

Scope: ASTM D6133 is the test method to determine the levels of acetone, p-chlorobenzotrifluoride, methyl acetate, and t-butyl acetate in paints. This gas chromatographic test method is a quick and easy way to find out the levels of these chemicals. To prevent the risk of disruptions, this test procedure is only performed for materials with...

Scope: The ASTM D6144 is a standard test method for capillary gas chromatography analysis of AMS (α-Methylstyrene), and the gas chromatography equipment is calibrated using an external standard calibration procedure. Impurities common to the AMS production process, such as cumene, 3-methyl-2-cyclopentene-1-one, n-propylbenzene, tert-butylbenzene, sec-butylbenzene, and phenol have been found to be detectable with this test...

Scope: The ASTM D6143 is a standard test method for the iron content of bisphenol A (4,4’- isopropylidenediphenol). Bisphenol A (BPA) has a lower detection limit of 0.1 mg/kg and a higher detection limit of 20 mg/kg in this test technique. BPA is also used in the process of manufacturing polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins...

Scope: The ASTM D6142 is a standard test technique for capillary gas chromatography analysis of phenol. This test method can be used to create phenol requirements and as an internal quality control tool in situations where phenol is manufactured or used in a manufacturing process and can also be employed in phenol-related development or research. It’s widely used...

Scope: The ASTM D6139 is a standard test method for determining the aerobic aquatic biodegradation of lubricants or their components using the Gledhill shake flask. This test method is an ultimate biodegradation test that measures carbon dioxide (CO2) evolution. This test method is intended to specifically address the difficulties associated with testing water-insoluble materials and...

Scope: The ASTM D6138 is a standard test method for the determination of corrosion-preventive properties of lubricating greases under dynamic wet conditions. This test method evaluates the grease’s capacity to resist corrosion in rolling bearings operating in distilled water, sodium chloride solution, or synthetic seawater. It is employed in the development and specification of products....

Scope: The ASTM D5656 is a standard test method for determining the stress-strain behavior of adhesives in thick-adherent metal lap-shear joints. The data reduction and analysis of stress-strain curves acquired with thick-adherent lap-shear samples are covered by this test procedure. This test method can also be used to establish the proportional limit of the stress-strain...

Scope: The torque strength of ultraviolet light-cured glass or metal adhesive joints is determined using the ASTM D3685 test procedure. This test method can be used to compare torque strength-to-failure data for different bonded joint systems, whether or not they are radiation cured. This test procedure yields reasonably accurate results in terms of the UV...

Introduction ASTM D3528 is a standard test method to determine adhesive tensile shear strength applications. The test uses a double lap shear configuration, a peel-free specimen for simulating low-peel structural joints. In this test, two metal substrates are bonded using adhesive and subjected to tensile forces to assess the shear strength of the adhesive. It...

Introduction ASTM E340 Macroetching is used to reveal the heterogeneity of metals and alloys. Metallographic specimens and chemical analyses will provide detailed information about specific localities. Still, they can only give data about variation from one place to another if an excessive number of specimens are taken. The information about chemical composition variations is strictly...

Scope: The ASTM D3310 test method is used to determine adhesive materials’ corrosivity. This test method is a subjective test as the determination of the degree of corrosivity is based upon a visual inspection for a green discoloration or other evidence of corrosion. In the adhesive bonding process, the hydrolytic stability or corrosivity is of...

Introduction The ASTM D3167 test technique determines the relative peel resistance of adhesive bonds between one stiff and one flexible adherend when evaluated under defined preparation and testing conditions. This test approach employs acceptance and process control testing. This test method assesses the peel strength of bonding adhesives, from metal to metal, with credible low...

Introduction The ASTM D3166 test method specifies the preparation, loading, and testing parameters for measuring shear fatigue strength by tension loading adhesives on a standard specimen under specified conditions. The fatigue properties are a function of the specimen geometry. This test method is essential for the long-term durability of bonding joint testing, especially in structural...

Scope: The ASTM D3165 test technique is used to determine the strength qualities of adhesives in shear when single-lap-joint laminated assemblies are tension-loaded. This test method can be used to create design parameters for bonded assemblies in the joint configuration that closely simulates the actual joint configuration of multiple bonded assemblies. This test method can...

Scope: The ASTM D2919 is a standard test technique for measuring the durability of adhesive lap-shear joints subjected to tension loading and stress in shear. This test method can be utilized as an accelerated screening test for determining the adhesive joint’s durability. It can be used to assess the durability of adhesive joints exposed to...

Scope: ASTM E252 standard test covers the procedure to estimate the thickness of metallic foils and thin sheets. It can be used for measuring a thickness of 0.015 inches (0.35 mm) and less. This method is applicable to a wide range of films, foils, or sheets. Test procedure: In ASTM E252, the blank determination is...

Scope: The ASTM E251 standard defines test methods for the evaluation of a strain gauge’s performance characteristics. This standard includes testing equipment designs. Standard test methods E251 describes procedures for determining five strain gauge parameters: Parameter Section Resistance at a Reference Temperature 8 Gauge factor at a Reference Temperature 9 Temperature Coefficient of Gauge Factor...

Scope: ASTM E248 covers the procedure to determine the manganese in manganese ores by pyrophosphate complexed permanganate potentiometric titrimetry. This method can be applied to manganese ores containing manganese in the range of 15% to 60%. This definitive test method is intended to be used as a referee method for compliance with compositional specifications for...

Scope: ASTM E247 standard method describes the procedure to utilize gravimetry for estimating silica composition. Silica content of iron ores, iron ore concentrates and agglomerates, and manganese ores can be determined using this test method. Materials analyzed have silica concentrations in the range of 0.5 to 15%. This test method is intended to be used...

Scope: ASTM E246 defines the standard test methods to estimate iron concentration in iron ores, concentrates, and agglomerates. The methods are suitable for determining iron concentrations between 30% to 95% iron. This standard describes three methods using dichromate titration for estimating iron content. Hydrogen sulfide reduction, stannous chloride reduction, and silver reduction dichromate titration methods...

Scope: ASTM E224 standard method covers the procedures for the analysis of hydrochloric acid. The analytical procedures included in this standard are as follows: Parameters Sections Total Acidity 8 to 16 Baumé Gravity 17 to 26 Sulfated Ash 27 to 34 Iron 35 to 44 Colour 45 to 52 Total Sulfur 53 to 59 Test...

ASTM E208 Drop-Weight Test Introduction ASTM E208 extensively investigates the conditions required to initiate brittle fractures in structural steels. It covers the determination of the nil ductility transition (NDT) temperature of ferritic stainless steels, 5⁄8 in. (15.9 mm) and thicker. Nil-ductility transition (NDT) is a temperature at which the steel’s fracture mode changes from ductile...

Scope: The ASTM E202 test methods cover the chemical and physical analysis of the commonly available grades of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and dipropylene glycol. Test Section Purity of Reagents 4 Specific Gravity 6-8 Distillation Range 9-11 Acidity 12-14 Water 15-17 Iron 18-20 Colour 21-23 Gas Chromatographic Analysis 26-26 Result: Water...

ASTM E223 Test Scope: ASTM E223 standard covers the test methods for the analysis of sulfuric acid. These test methods help in the classification of various grades of sulfuric acid and in the determination of various impurities. This standard includes analytical procedures for estimating total acidity, Baumé gravity, non-volatile matter, iron, sulfur dioxide, and arsenic. ...

Scope: ASTM E222 covers procedures to analyze aliphatic and alicyclic compounds and phenols for hydroxyl groups. The hydroxyl groups attached to the primary and secondary carbon atoms can be determined using any one of the three test methods mentioned in this standard. Test Method A is recommended for general use. Test Method B describes the...

Scope: The ASTM E220 test method is used for only unused thermocouples. This test method does not apply to used thermocouples due to their potential material inhomogeneity. Inhomogeneity is a property that cannot be identified or quantified by standard calibration techniques. Thermocouples with large-diameter thermoelements and sheathed thermocouples may require special care to control thermal...

Scope: The ASTM E181 methods are concerned only with specific radionuclide measurements. The chemical and physical properties of the radionuclides are not within the scope of this standard. The measurement standards appear in the following order. Spectroscopy Methods Section Calibration and Usage of Germanium Detectors 3-12 Calibration and Usage of Scintillation Detector Systems 13-20 Calibration...

Scope: ASTM E207 is a thermal EMF test of single thermo-element materials by comparison with a reference thermo-element of similar EMF-temperature properties. This test applies to new thermocouple materials over the temperature ranges normally associated with thermocouples and their extension wires. This test does not apply to stability testing or inhomogeneity testing. Test procedure: The...

Scope: ASTM E194 test method covers determining the mineral-acid-insoluble matter content of copper and iron powders in amounts under 1.0 %. Test Procedure: In ASTM E194, the sample is dissolved in the appropriate acid: nitric acid (HNO3) for copper and hydrochloric acid (HCl) for iron. The insoluble matter is filtered out and ignited in a...

Scope: The ASTM E162 fire-test-response standard describes the measurement of materials’ surface flammability. It is not intended for use as a basis for rating building codes. Test Procedure: In the ASTM E162 test method, a radiant heat source comprising a 12 by 18-in. (305 by 457-mm) panel is used to measure the surface flammability of...

Scope: ASTM E159 test method is useful for cobalt, copper, and iron which has an oxygen range from 0.05% to 3%, and for tungsten powder in the range of 0.10% to 0.5% oxygen. It cannot be used for silicon oxide (SiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), magnesium oxide (MgO), calcium oxide (CaO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), etc., that...

Introduction ASTM E139 test method involves creep and rupture tests for metallic materials. The creep test measures the load-carrying capacity of the material up to limited deformation. The stress rupture test measures load-carrying capacity as a function of time. These tests complement each other to determine the load-carrying capacity of metallic materials. These test procedures...

Scope: ASTM E132 test method covers the determination of Poisson’s ratio from tension tests of structural materials at room temperature. This test method is limited to specimens of rectangular sections and materials in which strain is produced immediately during the test. Test Procedure: In ASTM E132, the width and thickness of the sample are measured...

Scope: ASTM E128 test method covers the determination of maximum pore diameter and permeability of rigid porous filters used in the laboratory for filtration or diffusion. They are applicable to filters made of sintered glass, ceramic, metal, or plastic. Test Procedure: In ASTM E128, the maximum pore diameter is determined by immersing the ﬁlter in a...

Scope: ASTM E126 test method describes the principles, apparatus, and procedures for the inspection, calibration, and verification of ASTM glass hydrometers. This test method applies to ASTM hydrometers but can be used for other general hydrometers of the constant-mass, variable-displacement type. Test Procedure: In ASTM E126, the hydrometer (Figure 1) is carefully inspected for; cracks,...

Scope: ASTM E119 test methods described in this fire-test-response standard are applicable to assemblies of masonry units and composite assemblies of structural materials for buildings, including bearing and other walls and partitions, columns, girders, beams, slabs, and composite slab and beam assemblies for floors and roofs. They are also applicable to other assemblies and structural...

Scope: ASTM E90 test method covers the laboratory measurement of airborne sound transmission loss of building partitions such as walls of all kinds, operable partitions, floor-ceiling assemblies, doors, windows, roofs, panels, and other space-dividing elements. Test Procedure: In ASTM E90, two adjacent reverberation rooms are arranged with an opening between them in which the test...

Introduction The ASTM E84 test method measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions. It applies to exposed interior surfaces such as walls and ceilings. The test is conducted with the specimen in the ceiling position, with the surface to be evaluated facing down towards the...

Scope: ASTM E82 test method covers the back-reflection Laue procedure for determining the orientation of a metal crystal. The back-reflection Laue method for determining crystal orientation may be applied to micro grains (0.5-mm diameter or larger) within polycrystalline aggregates, as well as to single crystals of any size. The method is described for cubic crystals. ...

Scope: The ASTM E81 test method covers using the X-ray diffractometer to prepare quantitative pole figures. The test method consists of several experimental procedures. Some of the procedures permit the preparation of a complete pole figure, while others must be used in combination to produce one. Procedure: The ASTM E81 test method characterizes the distribution...