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Eddy current testing is a non-destructive material examination technique frequently used to detect near-surface defects of conductive materials. Surface inspection and tube inspection are the two main uses of eddy curren t testing. A change in eddy current and a corresponding change in phase and amplitude are caused by variations in physical properties, such as the electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability of the test object, as well as the presence of defects. These variations can be identified by measuring the impedance changes in the coil and can be seen on an instrument's screen.... Read More
Eddy current testing is a non-destructive material examination technique frequently used to detect near-surface defects of conductive materials. ECT works on the principle of electromagnetic induction to identify surface cracks, measure approximate dimensions of cracks, measure metal sheet thickness, identify corrosion in metal substrates with coatings, etc. It is widely used in aerospace and other manufacturing industries for inspection and quality control to ensure safe operation and avoid expensive equipment and component failure.
A simple single-element ECT probe consists of a copper coil that produces a magnetic field when excited with an alternating current. When this probe comes within proximity of a conductive material, its magnetic field induces currents in the material known as eddy currents. Industrial ECT probes have multiple small coils placed at various orientations, which dictates the probes’ sensitivity and applicability. ECT probes measure tiny variations in the eddy currents’ path with high sensitivity and detect even small cracks as they scan large surfaces of conductive materials. Handheld field probes and large fixed systems are available for varying applications making ECT a versatile tool for quick onsite inspections and complex laboratory studies. Remote Field Testing (RFT), Flux Leakage, and Barkhausen Noise are other testing methods that use the principle of eddy current testing.
Other eddy current testing procedures such as Eddy current array (ECA) were created with varying degrees of success to get around some of the drawbacks of traditional ECT. The fundamental principles of both eddy current arrays (ECA) and traditional ECT are the same. With the use of ECA technology, it is possible to electronically control the topology—an array of coils (many coils)—that produces a sensitivity profile appropriate for the target flaws. In order to prevent mutual inductance between the individual coils, data capture is accomplished by multiplexing the coils in a certain pattern.
Video 01: Eddy Current Testing (ECT)
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Our material testing labs regularly provide eddy current testing (ECT) as part of our non-destructive testing services for material examination.
Eddy current testing (ECT) is a non-destructive material examination technique frequently used to detect near-surface defects of conductive materials.
ECT is used to identify surface cracks, measure approximate dimensions of cracks, measure metal sheet thickness, identify corrosion in metal substrates with coatings, etc. It is suitable for aerospace and other manufacturing industries for inspection and quality control to ensure safe operation and avoid expensive equipment and component failure.
Some of the factors that effect the reliability of an eddy current test include surface geometry, frequency, and alignment of flaws.
Eddy current testing is used to determine metal hardness, material conductivity, and identify cracks. It is also used to measure thin layers of nonconductive materials.
Eddy current testing is usually employed for ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic materials.
Major drawback of eddy current testing is that it cannot be used for non-conductive materials as it works in the presence of current.
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