ASTM E606 Strain-Controlled Fatigue Testing for Metallic Materials
ASTM E606/E606M-12 covers the determination of fatigue properties of nominally homogeneous materials using specimens subjected to uniaxial stress. The values indicated in either SI or inch-pound units are standard in their own right.
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- Overview
- Scope, Applications, and Benefits
- Test Process
- Specifications
- Instrumentation
- Results and Deliverables
Overview
ASTM E606/E606M – 12 is the standardized procedure for strain-controlled fatigue testing. This standard primarily describes low-cycle fatigue (LCF), in which plastic deformation occurs in each cycle, whereas load-controlled testing focuses on high-cycle fatigue.
The purpose of this test procedure is to ascertain the fatigue characteristics of metallic materials under homogeneous gage-section, uniaxial loading. It is especially important for modeling, material comparison, and component life prediction.
Scope, Applications, and Benefits
Scope
ASTM E606/E606M – 12 covers the determination of strain-controlled fatigue properties of metallic materials under uniaxial loading. The test is performed by applying cyclic axial strains—either fully reversed or with a specified mean strain—at controlled strain amplitudes. The standard provides procedures for conducting low-cycle fatigue tests to evaluate cyclic stress–strain behavior, fatigue life, and material response under conditions of plastic deformation. It is applicable to metals tested at room temperature or elevated temperatures using servo-hydraulic or electromechanical testing systems.
Applications
- Fatigue characterization of structural and engineering alloys
- Design and validation of components subjected to cyclic thermal or mechanical loading
- Aerospace, automotive, power generation, and pressure vessel industries
- Evaluation of materials for high-strain, low-cycle service conditions
- Research and development of new metallic materials and fatigue models
Benefits
- Enables accurate evaluation of the low-cycle fatigue behavior of metallic materials
- Provides reliable data on cyclic stress–strain response and fatigue life
- Supports material selection and design for components subjected to cyclic plastic deformation
- Helps assess durability and structural integrity under severe loading conditions
- Facilitates comparison of fatigue performance across different alloys and heat treatments
Testing Process
Specimen Preparation
Machine and finish the specimen to the specified geometry and surface condition as per the standard.
1Equipment Setup
Install the specimen in a calibrated axial fatigue testing machine with appropriate grips and an extensometer.
2Strain Control Selection
Set total axial strain control mode and define strain amplitude, waveform, and frequency.
3Result Reporting
Report fatigue life, cyclic stress–strain behavior, and test conditions as per ASTM requirements.
4Technical Specifications
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Applicable Materials | Metallic materials |
| Control Mode | Total axial strain control |
| Test Frequency | Selected to avoid heating and dynamic effects |
| Temperature Range | Room temperature or elevated temperature (as specified) |
| Extensometer Type | Axial, suitable for cyclic strain measurement |
| Failure Criterion | Complete fracture or specified fatigue life |
Instrumentation Used
- Servo-hydraulic fatigue testing system
- High-accuracy load cell
- Axial strain-controlled extensometer
- Fatigue-rated grips and specimen fixtures
- Closed-loop control system for cyclic loading
- Data acquisition and fatigue analysis software
Results and Deliverables
- Number of cycles to failure at the specified strain amplitude
- Cyclic stress–strain response of the material
- Stabilized hysteresis loop characteristics
- Cyclic hardening or softening behavior observed during testing
- Maximum and minimum stress values per cycle
- Relationship between strain amplitude and fatigue life
- Mode and location of specimen failure
Any deviations from the specified test conditions or termination criteria
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