DIN Abrasion Tester and Standards of Rubber Testing

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DIN Abrasion Examination

DIN abrasion testing is one technique used to measure the wear resistance of rubber. Tires, soles, and any other rubber product that is put through a lot of stress in its intended function are among the samples utilized in this test.

The wear resistance of rubber materials used to create rubber hoses and floor coverings can be assessed using the DIN abrasion test.

Rubber-based items are manufactured using only high-quality and long-lasting materials, as confirmed by a DIN tester.

A piece of rubber is moved against an abrasive material or sheet mounted on a rotating drum, commonly known as a rotary drum abrader, to conduct a DIN abrasion test. The volume loss in cubic millimeters or the resistance index stated in per cent are two ways to represent how much material will be removed during the abrasion process.

A significant volume loss throughout the test indicates that the material is of poor quality and durability. On the other hand, if the resistance index is high, the material being tested is very durable.

The DIN rubber abrasion test does not, however, reflect how it will function in its actual service, similar to other material quality assurance tests.

There are only a few steps needed to perform the DIN rubber abrasion testing procedure. Prepare a sample for testing, ideally, one that is 16 mm or smaller in length. Verify the sample’s original weight.

Insert the sample into the sample holder on the tester. Now turn on the power source. Via a rocker switch that rubs the sample against the rotating drum, you will witness the sample continuously move from left to right.

Remove the sample and weigh it once more after the test cycle is finished. The volume loss realized during the test is represented by the difference between the initial and end figures.

• Roving Drum
• For a DIN Abrasion Tester, a rotating drum
• Roving Drum

Tests on rotary drums are performed strictly in accordance with ASTM D5963 and ISO 4649. The testing specimen is moved laterally against a turning cylinder, and the specimen holder needs to be securely fastened in place. This specification ensures even abrasion across the test material.

Rubber materials utilized in polymeric footwear soles and other polymer-based parts or products are best suited for the technique of using a rotary drum as the abrasive tool.

Requirements for Rubber Testing vary

This section discusses various rubber testing requirements for various rubber materials. Use them as a guide to decide which standard is most appropriate for the rubber material you need to test.

ASTM D5963

The ASTM D5963-04 abrasion standards are used by a wide range of businesses to test the materials that go into their products. R&D facilities, aircraft, leather, and textile are some of these sectors. This standard is constantly used by both small and large businesses as a crucial component of their quality control.

The following product categories frequently base their choice of high-quality materials on this standard:

• Belt conveyors
• Tires Hoses
• Belts for vehicles
• Footwears Flooring
• Suitcases
• Carpets
• Coating in Plastic
• Varnish
• Electronic Parts for Traffic Paint
• dental supplies
• Vehicle Interiors
• Furniture Resins

The required machine must support both the rotation of the grinding method and the use of various friction wheel types to measure wear resistance, according to the standard.

The tester measures the weight loss of the sample’s outer surface as well as the amount of scrap material and mechanical damage.

The test used provides comparable data and is a quick and easy way to measure wear resistance. To evaluate the material with the best wear resistance under simulated wear conditions, it may provide side-by-side comparisons of several classes of materials.

According to the standard, the machine that will be put to use must permit both the rotation of the grinding process and the use of various friction wheel types to measure wear resistance.

The tester examines the sample’s outer surface weight loss as well as mechanical damage and the amount of scraped debris.

The test used is a quick and easy way to gauge wear resistance and provides equivalent information. It can offer head-to-head comparisons of several material grades so you may judge the material with the best wear resistance under simulated wear situations.

DIN 53516

The determination of abrasion resistance under a spinning abrasive device can also be done using the DIN 53516 rubber testing standard. About rating different rubber compounds that engineers, operators, and manufacturers employ to make items, the standard is appropriate.

Nevertheless, as it ignores other crucial material testing factors like pressure, turbulence, edge sharpness, rock shape, and temperature, the test that can be used based on this standard may not be that thorough.

The standard also exempts tests from having to provide information on material degradation due to variations in tensile strength, elastic modulus, or applied stress.

The testing apparatus must comprise a machine frame with a metal housing, an electric motor for rotating the cylindrical drum, and a specimen holder.

The ISO 4649 and DIN 53516 approaches are essentially seen as ways to simulate long-term harm and the ravages of use and time.

AS 1683.21

The Australian Standard AS 1683.21 specifies the ideal circumstances for abrasion resistance evaluations together with other rubber testing criteria.

The 1683.21 standard makes it clear that testing rubber material is crucial, especially for devices that are subjected to friction during usage. Conveyor belt covers, tyre treads and tyre coverings are a few examples of these items.

According to this specification, test components must be put through their paces using a roller with a minimum elevation of 6 mm and a diameter of 16 mm. Alumina grains (Al203), which are the industry standard abrasive agent, should also be used to cover the cylindrical abrasive device.

For the purposes of this standard, the reference compound must lose 180–220 mg of weight after completing a 40 mm rubbing path under 10 N of pressure.

• The testing piece is reground and its weight is recorded before testing. After that, it is rubbed against the abrasive material coating the rotating cylindrical drum.
• Depending on your needs, you can choose to compute the abrasive resistance index rather than the weight reduction after covering a 40-meter path.
• Abrasion Testing for Rubber Materials: Its Significance
• The ability of materials to resist abrasion is referred to as abrasion resistance. Materials lose volume or mass by the process of abrasion, which is caused by friction.

The material’s structure and appearance are maintained through its abrasion resistance.

In a situation where wearing is a problem, highly abrasion-resistant materials are preferred for both fixed and moving parts.

Abrasion wear testing is one of the most useful tests to use when friction is the main factor contributing to the degradation of materials. When evaluating materials of various grades to help you estimate the lifespan of your product, it can give you useful information.

For research and development, compliance testing, quality control, and comparison testing, abrasion tests are appropriate.

Rubber Abrasion Resistance Calculation

You can determine the volume loss or the resistance index of the substance being tested, depending on your preferences.

Vloss = Mt x Mconst/ Pt x Mr is the formula for volume loss, 

where:

• Mass loss in Mt (in mg)
• Mass loss = Mconst (based on a standard reference compound)
• Pt is the rubber material’s density (measured in mg/cubic millimetre).
• Mr = Mass Loss of Reference Substance

Use the equation ARI = Mr x Pt/Mt x Pr to calculate the resistance index, where:

• Mass loss is Mr. (reference compound, in mg)
• mass loss in Mt (test rubber, in mg)
• Density = Pr (test rubber)
• density Pt (reference compound)
• Terminology Relating to Abrasion Testing

When a material is subjected to friction, its capacity to resist wear and tear is referred to as abrasion resistance. One of the finest methods for testing materials that are frequently subjected to repetitive scraping and rubbing is abrasion resistance testing.

Relative volume loss is the volume loss of a piece of test rubber after it has been abraded with an abrasive sheet. In the abrasion test, the outcome is contrasted with a reference compound that underwent identical test circumstances but experienced a predetermined mass loss.

Smearing rubber is a type of rubber that results in a mass loss of more than 10% when used as a stopgap between tests (for standard rubbers).