ASTM E351-13 Chemical Analysis of Cast Iron
The standard test methods for the chemical analysis of cast iron-all types are covered under the ASTM E351-13 standard test. These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications.
Scope:
ASTM E351-13 standard method covers the test methods for chemical analysis of pigiron, gray cast iron (including alloy and austenitic), white cast iron, malleable cast iron, and ductile iron. The test methods in this standard are contained under the sections as follows:
| Test Methods | Sections |
| Manganese by the Periodate Photometric Method (0.10 to 2.00%) | 8 |
| Phosphorus by the Molybdenum Blue Photometric Method (0.02 to 0.90%) | 18 |
| Sulfur by the Combustion-Iodate Titration Method (0.005 to 0.25%) | 37 |
| Silicon by the Gravimetric Method (0.1 to 6.0%) | 46 |
| Cobalt by the Ion-Exchange—Potentiometric Titration Method (2.0 to 4.5%) | 53 |
| Cobalt by the Nitroso-R-Salt Photometric Method (0.01 to 4.50%) | 61 |
| Magnesium by the Atomic Absorption Method (0.002 to 0.10%) | 71 |
| Copper by the Sulfide Precipitation-Electrodeposition Gravimetric Method (0.03 to 7.5%) | 81 |
| Tin by the Sulfide-Iodometric Titration Method (0.01 to 0.35%) | 89 |
| Carbon, Total by the Combustion Gravimetric Method (1.25 to 4.50%) | 97 |
| Carbon, Graphitic, by the Direct Combustion Gravimetric Method (1 to 3%) | 108 |
| Copper by the Neocuproine Photometric Method (0.03 to 7.5%) | 116 |
| Lead by the Ion-Exchange—Atomic Absorption Method (0.001 to 0.15%) | 126 |
| Manganese by the Peroxydisulfate-Arsenite Titrimetric Method (0.10 to 3.5%) | 152 |
| Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Method (0.1 to 36.00%) | 168 |
| Phosphorus by the Alkalimetric Method (0.02 to 0.90%) | 160 |
| Nickel by the Ion Exchange-Atomic Absorption Method (0.005 to 1.00%) | 176 |
| Tin by the Solvent Extraction-Atomic Absorption Method (0.002 to 0.10%) | 186 |
| Molybdenum by the Photometric Method (0.01 to 1.5%) | 196 |
| Chromium by the Atomic Absorption Method (0.006 to 1.00%) | 208 |
| Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate Oxidation—Titration Method(0.006 to 1.00%) | 218 |
| Vanadium by the Atomic Absorption Method (0.006 to 0.15%) | 227 |
| Cerium and Lanthanum by the D-C Plasma Optical Emission Method(Ce: 0.003 to 0.5%; La: 0.001 to 0.30%) | 237 |
| Titanium, Total, by the Diantipyrylmethane Spectrophotometric Method (0.006 to 0.35 %) | 246 |
| Molybdenum by the Ion Exchange–8-Hydroxyquinoline Gravimetric Method | 257 |
Results:
Spectrophotometric method is utilized for evaluating the phosphorus composition in different grades of cast iron. The sample is dissolved in mixed acids and the solution is fumed with perchloric acid. Ammonium molybdate is added to react with the phosphorus to form the heteropoly-phosphomolybdate. This species is then reduced with hydrazine sulfate to form the molybdenum blue complex. Spectrophotometric measurement is made at 650 nm or 825 nm, depending upon the concentration. The results are reported as follows:
| Test Specimen | Percent Phosphorus |
| Cast iron 15Ni-2Cr-5Cu (NBS 115, 0.114 P) | 0.107 |
| Cast iron (NBS 5k, 0.263 P) | 0.257 |
| Cast iron (NBS 7g, 0.794 P) | 0.779 |
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