ASTM E224 Analysis of Hydrochloric Acid
The standard test methods for the analysis of hydrochloric acid are covered under the ASTM E224 standard method. These test methods provide for the classification of various grades of hydrochloric acid and for the determination of various impurities. The values reported are in SI units.
Scope:
ASTM E224 standard method covers the procedures for the analysis of hydrochloric acid. The analytical procedures included in this standard are as follows:
| Parameters | Sections |
| Total Acidity | 8 to 16 |
| Baumé Gravity | 17 to 26 |
| Sulfated Ash | 27 to 34 |
| Iron | 35 to 44 |
| Colour | 45 to 52 |
| Total Sulfur | 53 to 59 |
Test procedure:
The following procedures are described in ASTM E224:
Total acidity determination: A weighed sample of the acid is diluted in water and titrated with standardized 0.5 meq/mL (N) sodium hydroxide solution, using phenolphthalein as the indicator.
Baumé gravity determination: A sample of hydrochloric acid is placed in a hydrometer cylinder and when the temperature is constant, the Baumé gravity is read from the glass hydrometer. The Baumé gravity is used to classify various grades of hydrochloric acid.
Sulfated ash content determination: A weighed sample of acid, to which sulfuric acid has been added, is evaporated, ignited, and the residue is weighed.
Iron content determination: The iron is reduced and determined calorimetrically with 1,10-phenanthroline (ortho-phenanthroline), which forms an orange-red complex with ferrous iron. The intensity of the color is measured in a photometer calibrated against standardized solutions.
Color determination: An arbitrary color scale is used that is based on the color produced by adding known amounts of ferric iron to the hydrochloric acid.
Total sulfur content determination: A sample of acid is treated with bromine to oxidize any oxidizable sulfur compounds to sulfate. The sulfate is precipitated and weighed as barium sulfate.
Specimen size:
The size of the sample used for ASTM E224 testing shall be sufficient to perform all analyses without the reuse of any portion of the sample
Data:
The calculations for the analytical procedures described in ASTM E224 are as follows,
V= corrected mL of NaOH solution required for titration of the sample, N= normality of NaOH solution, W= sample used
The Platinum-Cobalt color scale has wide-spread use to determine the color of HCl.
M= iron found from the calibration curve
R= weight of evaporating dish and residue, D= weight of the evaporating dish, W= sample used
A= BaSO4 precipitate, W= sample used
Conclusion:
ASTM E224 standard method covers the procedures for the analysis of hydrochloric acid.
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