Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS-MS)
Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass spectrometry (GC-MS-MS) couples a Gas Chromatograph (GC) with two Mass Spectrometers to p rovide superior selectivity sensitivity and detail in molecular structure analysis. The GC-MS-MS overcomes the limitations of GC with a single MS (GC-MS), when working with complex sample matrices, more sensitive analysis requirements, isomeric compounds not separated by GC and gives additional mass and structural information. This test is offered by Infinita Lab, USA, to clients in the USA and across the world through its laboratory network.... Read More
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Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS-MS)
Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS-MS) is a microanalytical technique that provides superior selectivity sensitivity and detail, when compared to GC with a single MS (GC-MS).
Gas Chromatography utilizes the principle that intermolecular (physical adsorption) forces between molecules in a gas and a solid surface depend upon the molecular structure and the nature of the solid surface. In a gas chromatograph, the sample chemical mixture is vaporized, and transported by an inert carrier gas into a column (packed or capillary), containing the solid phase (termed stationary phase). The molecules carried in the gas (termed mobile phase), are eluted at different times from the column depending on the affinity of molecules for the stationary phase. The eluted molecules are detected when they exit the column with the signal intensity (peak) characterizing the nature and amount of each molecule.
Mass Spectrometry works by ionizing chemical compounds to generate charged ions, with a range of molecular masses, which are then separated based on their mass to charge (m/z) ratios and analyzed by spectrometry principles. Individual compounds have their own unique mass spectrum since every pure compound always produces the same family of ions. The Mass Spectrometry technique requires a very pure sample and does not work well for mixtures. Various methods for ionization such as electron ionization, chemical ionization and cold electron ionization are used, depending on the application. Similarly, several types of mass analyzers such as magnetic sector, quadrupole, ion-trap, or time of flight (TOF) can be used, depending on continuous or pulsed mode detection, Mass spectrometer can work in both full scan and selective ion monitoring (SIM) modes.
Gas chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS-MS) is a configuration that uses a GC followed by two Mass Spectrometers having the same type of mass analyzers. The GC-MS-MS overcomes the limitations of GC with a single MS (GC-MS), when working with complex sample matrices, more sensitive analysis requirements, isomeric compounds not separated by GC and gives additional mass and structural information. In a Tandem MS system (MS-MS), the ions (termed precursor ions) that are separated in the first mass analyzer enter a collision cell for further fragmentation The collision cell is filled with a suitable inert gas where collisions between the precursor ions and inert gas molecules are induced by an oscillatory field, causing bond breakage in the precursor ions to form product ions. The product ions undergo further separation in the second mass analyzer, yielding more information and reducing interferences and background noise. The GC-MS-MS is used to analyze a variety of volatile organic species.
Common Uses of Gas Chromatography – Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS-MS)
Drug detection
Forensic investigations
Environmental analysis
Explosives trace detection
Odour analysis of foodstuffs
Pathological analysis
Advantages of Gas Chromatography – Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS-MS)
Extremely sensitive and accurate technique
GC-MS-MS allows selection of specific analytes for individual fragmentation. This allows more complex mixtures to be analysed more readily
Limitations of Gas Chromatography – Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS-MS)
The high temperatures (300°C) used in the GC-MS injection port (and oven) can cause thermal degradation of injected molecules affecting accuracy
Industrial Applications of Gas Chromatography – Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS-MS)
ASTM E572 test method covers the analysis of stainless and alloy steels by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (WDXRF). It provides rapid, multi-element determinations with sufficient accuracy to assure product quality.
The ASTM D2674 is a standard test method for the analysis of sulfochromate etches solution used in the surface preparation of aluminum. The ASTM D2674 standard specifies a method for determining the efficacy of an etchant used to prepare the surface of aluminum alloys for subsequent adhesive bonding.
An immunological method for quantization of Hevea Natural Rubber (HNRL) proteins using rabbit anti-HNRL serum. Rabbits immunized with HNRL proteins react to the majority of the proteins present, and their sera have the capability to detect most if not all the proteins in HNRL.
ASTM G65 measures the resistance of metallic materials to abrasion using the dry sand/rubber wheel apparatus. The quality, durability, and toughness of the sample are determined using this test. Metallic materials are ranked in their resistance to scratching abrasion under a controlled environment.
ASTM E2141 test methods provide accelerated aging and monitoring of the performance of time-dependent electrochromic devices (ECD) integrated in insulating glass units (IGU). This test helps to understand the relative serviceability of electrochromic glazings applied on ECD.
ASTM C724 test method is used in analyzing the quality and ease of maintenance of a ceramic decoration on architectural-type glass. This test method is useful in the acknowledgment of technical standards.
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