ASTM D5338 Determining Aerobic Biodegradation

Scope:

ASTM D5338 measures the rate and degree of aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials. This is achieved by exposing materials to a particular temperature under a controlled composting environment inside the laboratory. The test is developed to yield reproducible and repeatable test outcomes under the stated parameters. ASTM D5338 is used to test materials before they are introduced into the waste stream.

Test Procedure:

Aerobic Biodegradation test by ASTM D5338 is performed on plastic materials in a controlled-composting environment using a bacterial inoculum. The carbon dioxide evolved is measured as a function of time and the degree of biodegradability is assessed. Disintegration of the compact test material is visually determined and also the weight loss of the material is calculated.

Sample size:

The test samples for ASTM D5338 can be in the form of articles, granules, films, and powder or as specified by ASTM D618 guidelines.

Data:

The following data is calculated in ASTM D5338:

• The percentage of biodegradation is calculated by dividing the average net gaseous-carbon production of the test compound by the original average amount of carbon in the test compound and multiplying by 100;

where:

C_g= amount of gaseous-carbon produced, g, and

C_i= amount of carbon in test compound added, g

• The total carbon content of the test material by elemental analysis
• Cumulative CO₂ production (in grams)
• Standard error of the percentage of biodegradation
• 95 % confidence limits

Conclusion:

ASTM D5338 measures the rate and degree of aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials. This is achieved by exposing materials to a particular temperature under a controlled composting environment inside the laboratory.